Table of Contents
Can You Drink Tap Water in Lawrence?
Yes, Lawrence's tap water is generally considered safe to drink as Lawrence has no active health based violations of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) that we are aware of. Other factors such as lead piping in a home, or low levels of pollutants on immunocompromised individuals, should also be considered, however. To find more recent info we might have, you can check out our boil water notice page or the city's water provider website.
According the EPA’s ECHO database, from April 30, 2019 to June 30, 2022, Lawrence's water utility, City of Lawrence, had 0 violations of the Safe Drinking Water Act. For more details on the violations, please see our violation history section below. The last violation for Lawrence was resolved on June 30, 2019. This assessment is based on the City of Lawrence water system, other water systems in the city may have different results.
While tap water that meets the EPA health guidelines generally won’t make you sick to your stomach, it can still contain regulated and unregulated contaminants present in trace amounts that could potentially cause health issues over the long-run. These trace contaminants may also impact immunocompromised and vulnerable individuals.
The EPA is reviewing if it’s current regulations around pollutant levels in tap water are strict enough, and the health dangers posed by unregulated pollutants, like PFAS.
Water Quality Report for Lawrence Tap Water
The most recent publicly available numbers for measured contaminant levels in Lawrence tap water are in its 2020 Water Quality Report. As you can see, there are levels which the EPA considers to be acceptable, but being below the maximum allowable level doesn’t necessarily mean the water is healthy.
Lead in tap water, for example, is currently allowed at up to 15ppb by the EPA, but it has set the ideal goal for lead at zero. This highlights how meeting EPA standards doesn’t necessarily mean local tap water is healthy.
EPA regulations continue to change as it evaluates the long term impacts of chemicals and updates drinking water acceptable levels. The rules around arsenic, as well as, lead and copper are currently being re-evaluated.
There are also a number of "emerging" contaminants that are not currently. For example, PFAS (Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances), for which the EPA has issued a health advisory. PFAS are called "forever chemicals" since they tend not to break down in the environment or the human body and can accumulate over time.
We recommend looking at the contaminants present in Lawrence's water quality reports, or getting your home's tap water tested to see if you should be filtering your water.
Lawrence Tap Water Safe Drinking Water Act Violation History - Prior 10 Years
Below is a ten year history of violations for the water system named City of Lawrence for Lawrence in Kansas. For more details please see the "What do these Violations Mean?" section below.
From April 1, 2019 to June 30, 2019, Lawrence had 2 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violations with the violation category being Monitoring and Reporting, more specifically, the violation code was Monitoring and Reporting (DBP) which falls into the Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule rule code group, and the Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule rule code family for the following contaminant codes: CARBON, TOTAL, CARBON, TOTAL.
For the compliance period beginning Dec. 30, 2017, Lawrence had 1 non-health based Safe Drinking Water Act violation with the violation category being Monitoring and Reporting, more specifically, the violation code was Lead Consumer Notice which falls into the Chemicals rule code group, and the Lead and Copper Rule rule code family for the following contaminant code: Lead and Copper Rule.
Is there Lead in Lawrence Water?
Based on the EPA’s ECHO Database, 90% of the samples taken from the Lawrence water system, City of Lawrence, between sample start date and sample end date, were at or below, 0.0025 mg/L of lead in Lawrence water. This is 16.7% of the 0.015 mg/L action level. This means 10% of the samples taken from Lawrence contained more lead.
While Lawrence water testing may have found 0.0025 mg/L of lead in its water, that does not mean your water source has the same amount. The amount of lead in water in a city can vary greatly from neighborhood to neighborhood, or even building to building. Many buildings, particularly older ones, have lead pipes or service lines which can be a source of contamination. To find out if your home has lead, we recommend getting you water tested.
No amount of lead in water is healthy, only less dangerous. As lead accumulates in our bodies over time, even exposure to relatively small amounts can have negative health effects. For more information, please check out our Lead FAQ page.
Are there PFAS in Lawrence Tap Water?
Currently, testing tap water for PFAS isn’t mandated on a national level. We do have a list of military bases where there have been suspected or confirmed leaks. There appears to be at least one military base - Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant - near Lawrence with suspected leaks.
With many potential sources of PFAS in tap water across the US, the best information we currently have about which cities have PFAS in their water is this ewg map, which you can check to see if Lawrence has been evaluated for yet.
Our stance is better safe than sorry, and that it makes sense to try to purify the tap water just in case.
Lawrence SDWA Violation History Table - Prior 10 Years
| Compliance Period | Status | Health-Based? | Category Code | Code | Rule Code | Contaminant Code | Rule Group Code | Rule Family Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 04/01/2019 - 06/30/2019 | Resolved | No | Monitoring and Reporting (MR) | Monitoring and Reporting (DBP) (27) | Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (210) | CARBON, TOTAL (2920) | Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (200) | Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (210) |
| 04/01/2019 - 06/30/2019 | Resolved | No | Monitoring and Reporting (MR) | Monitoring and Reporting (DBP) (27) | Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (210) | CARBON, TOTAL (2920) | Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (200) | Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (210) |
| 12/30/2017 - | Resolved | No | Monitoring and Reporting (MR) | Lead Consumer Notice (66) | Lead and Copper Rule (350) | Lead and Copper Rule (5000) | Chemicals (300) | Lead and Copper Rule (350) |
What do these Violations Mean?
Safe Drinking Water Act Violations categories split into two groups, health based, and non-health based. Generally, health based violations are more serious, though non-health based violations can also be cause for concern.
Health Based Violations
- Maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) - maximum allowed contaminant level was exceeded.
- Maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs) - maximum allowed disinfectant level was exceeded.
- Other violations (Other) - the exact required process to reduce the amounts of contaminants in drinking water was not followed.
Non-Health Based Violations
- Monitoring and reporting violations (MR, MON) - failure to conduct the required regular monitoring of drinking water quality, and/or to submit monitoring results on time.
- Public notice violations (Other) - failure to immediately alert consumers if there is a serious problem with their drinking water that may pose a risk to public health.
- Other violations (Other) - miscellaneous violations, such as failure to issue annual consumer confidence reports or maintain required records.
SDWA Table Key
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Compliance Period | Dates of the compliance period. |
| Status |
Current status of the violation.
|
| Health-Based? | Whether the violation is health based. |
| Category Code |
The category of violation that is reported.
|
| Code | A full description of violation codes can be accessed in the SDWA_REF_CODE_VALUES (CSV) table. |
| Contaminant Code | A code value that represents a contaminant for which a public water system has incurred a violation of a primary drinking water regulation. |
| Rule Code |
Code for a National Drinking Water rule.
|
| Rule Group Code |
Code that uniquely identifies a rule group.
|
| Rule Family Code |
Code for rule family.
|
For more clarification please visit the EPA's data dictionary.
Lawrence Water - Frequently Asked Questions
| By Mail: | 6 E 6TH ST PO BOX 708 LAWRENCE, KS, 66044-0708 |
Existing customers can login to their City of Lawrence account to pay their Lawrence water bill by clicking here.
If you want to pay your City of Lawrence bill online and haven't made an account yet, you can create an account online. Please click here to create your account to pay your Lawrence water bill.
If you don't want to make an account, or can't remember your account, you can make a one-time payment towards your Lawrence water bill without creating an account using a one time payment portal with your account number and credit or debit card. Click here to make a one time payment.
Moving to a new house or apartment in Lawrence means you will often need to put the water in your name with City of Lawrence. In order to put the water in your name, please click the link to the start service form below. Start service requests for water bills typically take two business days.
Leaving your house or apartment in Lawrence means you will likely need to take your name off of the water bill with City of Lawrence. In order to take your name off the water bill, please click the link to the stop service form below. Stop service for water bills requests typically take two business days.
The estimated price of bottled water
$1.76 in USD (1.5-liter)
USER SUBMITTED RATINGS
- Drinking Water Pollution and Inaccessibility
- Water Pollution
- Drinking Water Quality and Accessibility
- Water Quality
The above data is comprised of subjective, user submitted opinions about the water quality and pollution in Lawrence, measured on a scale from 0% (lowest) to 100% (highest).
Related FAQS
Lawrence Water Quality Report (Consumer Confidence Report)
The EPA mandates that towns and cities consistently monitor and test their tap water. They must report their findings in an annual Consumer Confidence Report. Below is the most recent water quality report from Lawrence's Water. If you would like to see the original version of the report, please click here.
Consumer Confidence Report – 2021
Covering Calendar Year – 2020
This report is a snapshot of the quality of the water that we provided to our customers last year.
The City of Lawrence’s water quality consistently meets or exceeds all Federal and State standards for safe drinking water. Included are the details about where your water comes from, what it contains, and how it compares to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state standards. For more information please contact, Joshua Toevs at
Sources of Drinking Water
The City of Lawrence has two major surface water sources: the Kansas River and Clinton Lake. Occasionally, water is also drawn from 6 Ground Water Wells. The Kansas Department of Health and Environment has evaluated these sources of water and their report can be found at:
http://www.kdheks.gov/nps/swap/SWreports.html
Treatment of Source Water
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. The City of Lawrence treats the source water according to EPA regulations by removing contaminants and disinfecting to protect you against microbial contaminants. Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants.
Water Contaminants
The source of drinking water includes rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity. Contaminants that may be present in source water before we treat it include:
Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, livestock operations and wildlife.
Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be
Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as stormwater
Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally occurring or the result of mining activity.
Organic contaminants, including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which are
Our water system is required to test a minimum of 100 samples per month in accordance with the Total Coliform Rule for microbiological contaminants. Coliform bacteria are usually harmless, but their presence in water can be an indicator of
For Customers with Special Health Concerns
The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the EPA’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline
Taste and Odor: Occasionally Lawrence’s source water may have an effect on the smell, taste, or appearance of your drinking water. None of the contaminants that could affect your health can be tasted in drinking water. The three most common reasons for bad tasting or smelling water are:
- A funny taste can come from disinfectant that is added to the water to kill germs.
-
A
rotten-egg odor in some groundwater is caused by a nontoxic (in small amounts), smelly chemical – hydrogen sulfide – dissolved in the water. - As algae, fungi, and bacteria grow in surface water sources, they give off nontoxic, smelly chemicals that can cause unpleasant tastes in water.
You can find additional information about your drinking water at: http://lawrenceks.org/utilities/annual_report
Terms & Abbreviations
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG): The “Goal” is the level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to human health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL): The “Maximum Allowed” MCL is the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level (SMCL):
Recommended level for a contaminant that is not regulated and has no MCL.
Action Level (AL): The concentration of a contaminant that, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements. Treatment Technique (TT): A required process intended to reduce levels of a contaminant in drinking water.
Locational Running Annual Average (LRAA): An average of sample results obtained over the most current 12 months at a sampling location and used to determine compliance with MCLs.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL): The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG):
The highest level of a disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health.
Monitoring Period Average (MPA); Average of samples results collected during a defined time frame.
Parts per Million (ppm) or milligrams per liter (mg/l): A measure of contaminant concentration.
Parts per Billion (ppb) or micrograms per liter (µg/l): A measure of contaminant concentration.
Picocuries per Liter (pCi/L): A measure of the
radioactivity in water.
Micromhoms per centimeter (µmhos/cm): A measure of
the ability to carry electric current.
Million Fibers per Liter (MFL): A measure of the presence of asbestos fibers longer than 10 micrometers. Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU): A measure of the clarity of water. Turbidity in excess of 5 NTU is just noticeable to the average person.
Running Annual Average (RAA): An average of sample results obtained over the most current 12 months and used to determine compliance with MCLs.
Standard Units (S.U.): A measuring unit for pH, based on hydrogen ion concentration.
Water Quality Data: The following tables list all of the drinking water contaminants which were detected during the 2020 calendar year. The presence of these contaminants does not necessarily indicate the water poses a health risk. Other contaminants were tested but were not detected. Unless noted, the data presented in this table is from the testing done January 1 - December 31, 2020. The state requires us to monitor for certain contaminants less than once per year because the concentrations of these contaminants are not expected to vary significantly from year to year; therefore some of the data, though representative of the water quality, is more than one year old.
Testing Results for: City of Lawrence
(During the 2020 calendar year, there were no violations of drinking water regulations)
Microbiological |
Highest Value Detected |
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MCL |
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MCLG |
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Typical Source |
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In the month of September |
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No more than 5 % positives of all samples in a |
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Naturally present in the |
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Total Coliform bacteria |
0.97% samples returned as |
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0 % |
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calendar month |
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environment |
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positive |
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A minimum of 100 samples |
are collected and tested each month throughout the distribution system. |
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Collection |
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Your |
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Range |
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Regulated Contaminants |
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Highest |
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Unit |
MCL |
MCLG |
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Typical Source |
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Date |
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(low/high) |
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Value |
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2/18/20 |
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0.20 |
ppb |
70 |
70 |
Runoff from herbicide used on row |
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Crops. |
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ASBESTOS |
8/27/13 |
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ND |
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NA |
MF/L |
7 |
7 |
Decay of asbestos water main |
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ARSENIC |
8/5/20 |
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1.20 |
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ND – 1.20 |
ppb |
10 |
0 |
Erosion of natural deposits |
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ATRAZINE |
8/5/20 |
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0.20 |
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ND – 0.20 |
ppb |
3 |
3 |
Runoff from herbicide used on row crops |
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BARIUM1 |
5/18/20 |
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0.062 |
ND – 0.062 |
ppm |
2 |
2 |
Industrial discharge from drilling and metal |
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refineries. Erosion of natural deposits |
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CHROMIUM |
2/18/20 |
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2.70 |
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ND – 2.70 |
ppb |
100 |
100 |
Erosion of natural deposits or steel and pulp |
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FLUORIDE |
11/19/20 |
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0.70 |
0.30 – 0.70 |
ppm |
4 |
4 |
Erosion of natural deposits; water additive |
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which promotes strong teeth |
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NITRATE |
10/6/20 |
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1.00 |
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ND – 1.00 |
ppm |
10 |
10 |
Runoff from fertilizer use. Naturally present in |
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the environment |
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PICLORAM |
2/21/20 |
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0.1 |
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ppb |
500 |
500 |
Herbicide Runoff |
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SELENIUM |
10/6/20 |
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2.50 |
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ND – 2.50 |
ppb |
50 |
50 |
Discharge from petroleum, metal, and mine |
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industries. Erosion of natural deposits |
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TURBIDITY2 |
3/11/20 |
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0.334 |
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ND |
NTU |
1 |
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Soil runoff |
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CHLORAMINE |
2020 |
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3.4 (RAA) |
ppm |
4 (MRDL) |
4 (MRDLG) |
Additive to control microbes |
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2020 |
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3.58 (MPA) |
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TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON3 |
10/5/20 |
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3.30 |
2.80 – 3.30 |
ppm |
TT |
NA |
Naturally present in the environment |
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Clinton - Lowest Months Removal |
Ratios of Total Organic Carbon was May at 1.07. Removal Ratio must be at least 1.0. |
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Kaw - Lowest Months Removal Ratios of Total Organic Carbon was December at 1.60. Removal Ratio must be at least 1.0. |
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1. Some people who drink water containing barium in excess of the MCL over many years could experience an increase in their blood pressure.
2. Turbidity has no health effects. However, turbidity can interfere with disinfection and provide a medium for microbial growth. Turbidity may indicate the presence of
3. Total organic carbon has no health effects. However, total organic carbon provides a medium for the formation of disinfection byproducts. These byproducts include Total Trihalomethanes and Total Haloacetic acids.
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Monitoring |
Your |
Range |
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Disinfection Byproducts |
Highest |
Unit |
MCL |
MCLG |
Typical Source |
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(low/high) |
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LRAA |
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TOTAL HALOACETIC ACIDS |
2020 |
35.1 |
13.5 – 37.5 |
ppb |
60 |
0 |
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TOTAL TRIHALOMETHANES |
2020 |
59.7 |
ND – 75.0 |
ppb |
80 |
0 |
Drinking water containing these byproducts in excess of the MCL may lead to adverse health effects, liver or kidney problems, or nervous system effects, and may lead to an increased risk of getting cancer.
Lead and Copper |
Monitoring |
90th |
Range |
Unit |
AL |
Sites |
Typical Source |
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Period |
Percentile |
(low/high) |
Over AL |
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COPPER, FREE |
2020 |
0.23 |
0.01 – 0.23 |
ppm |
1.30 |
0 |
Corrosion of household plumbing |
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LEAD |
2020 |
2.5 |
ND – 2.5 |
ppb |
15 |
0 |
Corrosion of household plumbing |
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. Your water system is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
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Collection |
Your |
Range |
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Radiological Contaminants |
Highest |
Unit |
MCL |
MCLG |
Typical Source |
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Date |
(low/high) |
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Value |
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RADIUM 228 |
9/14/2020 |
ND |
ND |
pCi/L |
5 |
0 |
Erosion of natural deposits |
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GROSS ALPHA & BETA |
9/14/2020 |
1.00 |
ND - 1.00 |
pCi/L |
15 |
0 |
Erosion of natural deposits |
Constituents Having Secondary MCL’s |
Collection Date |
Your Highest |
Range |
Unit |
SMCL |
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Value |
(low/high) |
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ALUMINUM |
5/18/20 |
0.02 |
ND – 0.02 |
ppm |
0.05 |
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CHLORIDE |
11/19/20 |
180 |
20 – 180 |
ppm |
250 |
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HYDROGEN ION (pH) |
1/28/20 |
9.2 |
6.9 – 9.2 |
S.U. |
8.5 |
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MANGANESE |
10/6/20 |
0.0011 |
ND – 0.0011 |
ppm |
0.05 |
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SULFATE |
2/18/20 |
160 |
ppm |
250 |
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Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) |
11/19/20 |
620 |
ppm |
500 |
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ZINC |
10/6/20 |
0.02 |
ppm |
5 |
UNREGULATED PARAMETERS |
FEDERAL LEVEL |
Your Highest Value |
Range |
Unit |
TYPICAL SOURCE |
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RECOMMENDED |
(low/high) |
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Unregulated Parameters are monitored in the interest of the customers and sometimes to assist regulators in developing future regulations
ALKALINITY, TOTAL as CaCO3 |
300 |
162 |
49.1 - 162 |
ppm |
BROMIDE |
0.05 |
0.08 |
0.01 – 0.08 |
ppm |
CALCIUM |
200 |
59 |
ppm |
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CONDUCTIVITY @ 25 °C |
1500 |
1100 |
µmhos/cm |
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COPPER |
1.3 |
0.014 |
0.0001 – 0.014 |
ppm |
HARDNESS, CALCIUM as CaCO3 |
NA |
220 |
92 - 220 |
ppm |
HARDNESS, MAGNESIUM as CaCO3 |
NA |
64 |
ppm |
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HARDNESS, TOTAL as CaCO3 |
400 |
202 |
102 - 202 |
ppm |
HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM |
NA |
2.60 |
0.20 – 2.60 |
ppb |
MAGNESIUM |
150 |
40 |
1.3 – 40 |
ppm |
MOLYBDENUM |
NA |
5.60 |
ND – 5.60 |
ppb |
NICKEL |
0.1 |
0.011 |
ND – 0.011 |
ppm |
ORTHOPHOSPHATE |
NA |
0.26 |
0.04 – 0.26 |
ppm |
PERCHLORATE |
56 |
1.50 |
0.05 – 1.50 |
ppb |
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PHOSPHORUS, TOTAL |
5 |
0.36 |
ND – 0.36 |
ppm |
POTASSIUM |
100 |
10.0 |
3.50 – 10.0 |
ppm |
SILICA |
50 |
13.0 |
0.60 – 13.0 |
ppm |
SODIUM |
100 |
140.0 |
14.0 – 140.0 |
ppm |
STRONTIUM |
NA |
390 |
210 - 390 |
ppb |
VANADIUM |
NA |
9.1 |
ND – 9.1 |
ppb |
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits
Corrosion of household plumbing
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits.
Used to make steel and alloys, chrome plating, dyes,
leather tanning and wood preservation
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits. Industrial use form molybdenum trioxide used as a chemical reagent Erosion of natural deposits
Additive to control pipe corrosion
Both natural and manmade sources. It is formed
naturally via atmospheric processes and can be found within mineral deposits in certain geographical areas.
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits
Erosion of natural deposits. Industrial use in the
faceplate glass of
Erosion of natural deposits. Industrial use as vanadium
pentoxide which is a chemical intermediate and a
catalyst
Contaminants
City of Lawrence
EWG's drinking water quality report shows results of tests conducted by the water utility and provided to the Environmental Working Group by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, as well as information from the U.S. EPA Enforcement and Compliance History database (ECHO). For the latest quarter assessed by the U.S. EPA (January 2019 - March 2019), tap water provided by this water utility was in compliance with federal health-based drinking water standards.
Utility details
- Serves: 92783
- Data available: 2012-2017
- Data Source: Surface water
- Total: 17
Contaminants That Exceed Guidelines
- Arsenic
- Chromium (hexavalent)
- Nitrate
- Radium%2C combined (-226 & -228)
- Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
Other Detected Contaminants
- Aluminum
- Atrazine
- Barium
- Bromide
- Chlorate
- Chromium (total)
- Fluoride
- Haloacetic acids (HAA5)
- Molybdenum
- Selenium
- Strontium
- Vanadium
Reminder
Always take extra precautions, the water may be safe to drink when it leaves the sewage treatment plant but it may pick up pollutants during its way to your tap. We advise that you ask locals or hotel staff about the water quality. Also, note that different cities have different water mineral contents.